Features of the work of transport construction sites
Motor trucks with internal combustion engines or with a gas generator installation are used as locomotives. Иногда (на заводах) на однорельсовых дорогах применяется канатная тяга. The most widespread on a one -rope were four -axle motor vehicles with a coupling weight of 7 g, a load on the axis of 1.75 g, and thrust force 1,500 kg.
To increase the coupling weight of the locomotive, and thereby its power, without increasing the load on the axis, Soviet engineers (Kand. tech. sciences K. TO. Volkovsky and others.) constructed powerful link (articulated) locomotives with 8 and 12 axes. Doward road cars – mainly four -axle, on two carts, can turn freely. Rolling wheels – grooves, with two recruits, which does not allow wagons and locomotives to leave the rails.
Transport, loading and unloading and warehouse work on construction are very time-consuming and occupy about half of the general labor needs of workers spent on construction and installation work in terms of labor, and at a cost-from 25 to 40% or more from the total cost of construction. Therefore, the rational organization of construction transport, loading and unloading and warehouse economy is of great importance in reducing the complexity and cost of construction.
Conducting comprehensive mechanization, the introduction of industrial methods, the development of the construction industry and the transition to flowing and speed construction increase the importance of transport in construction. The characteristic features of transport at the construction site are:
1) the dependence of the time and intensity of the operation of transport on the term of production and the volume of construction and installation, work, which leads to some construction objects to a sharply changing for periods, cargo turnover and cargo equipment;
2) a one -sided direction of cargo flows;
3) limited distance of cargo transportation at construction sites.